Installation and Setup

Using a CDN

1. Include AngularJS:
   • Add the following script tag to your HTML file to include AngularJS from a CDN:
     

     <script src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/angularjs/1.8.2/angular.min.js"></script>

Using npm

1. Install AngularJS:
   • Open your terminal and run:
     

     npm install angular

2. Include AngularJS in Your Project:
   • Import AngularJS in your JavaScript file:
     

     import angular from 'angular';

Basic Concepts

Module

1. Creating a Module:
   • Define an AngularJS module using the angular.module method:
     

     const app = angular.module('myApp', []);

Controller

1. Creating a Controller:
   • Define a controller within your module:
     

     app.controller('MainController', function($scope) {

     $scope.message = 'Hello, AngularJS!';
});

2. Binding the Controller to the View:
   • Use the ng-controller directive in your HTML:
     

     <div ng-app="myApp" ng-controller="MainController">

     {{ message }}
</div>


Directives

1. Built-In Directives:
   • Use built-in directives like ng-model and ng-repeat:
     

     <input type="text" ng-model="name">

     <p>Hello, {{ name }}!</p>

     <ul>
     <li ng-repeat=“item in items”>{{ item }}</li>
     </ul>

2. Custom Directives:
   • Create custom directives to encapsulate reusable components:
     

     app.directive('myDirective', function() {

     return {
template: '<h1>My Custom Directive</h1>'
};
});


Advanced Features

Services

1. Creating a Service:
   • Define a service to share data and functionality across the app:
     

     app.service('myService', function() {

     this.sayHello = function() {
return 'Hello from the service!';
};
});

2. Using a Service:
   • Inject and use the service in a controller:
     

     app.controller('MainController', function($scope, myService) {

     $scope.greeting = myService.sayHello();
});


Routing

1. Setting Up Routing:
   • Include the angular-route module and configure routes:
     

     <script src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/angularjs/1.8.2/angular-route.min.js"></script>

     const app = angular.module('myApp', ['ngRoute']);

     app.config(function($routeProvider) {
     $routeProvider
     .when(‘/’, {
     templateUrl: ‘home.html’,
     controller: ‘HomeController’
     })
     .when(‘/about’, {
     templateUrl: ‘about.html’,
     controller: ‘AboutController’
     })
     .otherwise({
     redirectTo: ‘/’
     });
     });

Form Validation

1. Using Form Validation:
   • Add validation to forms using AngularJS directives:
     

     <form name="myForm">

     <input type="email" name="email" ng-model="user.email" required>
<span ng-show="myForm.email.$error.required">Email is required.</span>
<span ng-show="myForm.email.$error.email">Invalid email address.</span>
<button type="submit" ng-disabled="myForm.$invalid">Submit</button>
</form>


Testing

Unit Testing

1. Setting Up Testing Environment:
   • Use tools like Jasmine and Karma for unit testing AngularJS applications.
   • Install necessary packages:
     

     npm install jasmine-core karma karma-jasmine karma-chrome-launcher --save-dev

2. Writing Tests:
   • Write unit tests for your controllers, services, and directives:
     

     describe('MainController', function() {

     beforeEach(module('myApp'));

     let $controller, $rootScope;

     beforeEach(inject(function(_$controller_, _$rootScope_) {
     $controller = _$controller_;
     $rootScope = _$rootScope_;
     }));

     it(‘should initialize with a message’, function() {
     let $scope = $rootScope.$new();
     let controller = $controller(‘MainController’, { $scope: $scope });
     expect($scope.message).toBe(‘Hello, AngularJS!’);
     });
     });

End-to-End Testing

1. Setting Up Protractor:
   • Use Protractor for end-to-end testing:
     

     npm install protractor --save-dev

   • Initialize Protractor configuration:
     

     npx protractor --version

     npx protractor init

2. Writing E2E Tests:
   • Write E2E tests to simulate user interactions:
     

     describe('My AngularJS App', function() {

     it('should display the correct message', function() {
browser.get('http://localhost:8000');
let message = element(by.binding('message'));
expect(message.getText()).toEqual('Hello, AngularJS!');
});
});


Tips for Effective Use

1. Modularize Your Code:
   • Break your application into smaller, reusable modules for better organization and maintainability.
   • Use angular.module to define and import modules.
2. Leverage Built-In Directives:
   • Use AngularJS’s powerful built-in directives to reduce the amount of code you need to write.
3. Follow Best Practices:
   • Follow AngularJS best practices for code structure, naming conventions, and component design.
4. Optimize Performance:
   • Minimize the use of watchers and avoid deep watch where possible.
   • Use one-time bindings for static content.
5. Stay Updated:
   • Regularly check for updates and new features in AngularJS to take advantage of improvements and security patches.
6. Use Angular CLI:
   • Although primarily for Angular, the Angular CLI can help streamline your development workflow and manage dependencies.

Conclusion

AngularJS is a powerful and flexible framework for building dynamic single-page applications. Its robust features like two-way data binding, dependency injection, and directives make it an excellent choice for developers looking to create interactive web applications. By following this guide, you can set up, configure, and optimize your AngularJS development environment to take full advantage of its capabilities. Explore its features, leverage powerful tools, and follow best practices to ensure a productive and efficient development experience.